{"id":6483,"date":"2025-07-09T18:42:38","date_gmt":"2025-07-09T10:42:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/alllandpipes.com\/?post_type=etheme_portfolio&p=6483"},"modified":"2025-12-17T18:53:36","modified_gmt":"2025-12-17T10:53:36","slug":"iso-3183","status":"publish","type":"etheme_portfolio","link":"https:\/\/alllandpipes.com\/ar\/standards\/iso-3183.html","title":{"rendered":"\u0622\u064a\u0632\u0648 3183"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 ISO 3183: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a<\/b><\/strong><\/span><\/h2>

1. \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0647<\/b><\/strong><\/span><\/h3>

\u0622\u064a\u0632\u0648 3183<\/b><\/strong>, \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u201c\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a - \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628\u201d\u060c \u0647\u0648\u00a0\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 ISO<\/b><\/strong>\u00a0\u0646\u064f\u0634\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a (API) \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645\u00a0API SPEC 5L (\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 46)<\/b><\/strong>. \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0640\u00a0\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0645\u0629<\/b><\/strong>\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0623\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631,\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0632\u0648 3183:2019<\/b><\/strong>, \u062a\u062d\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0644 \u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 2012 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0633\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628.<\/p>

\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629:<\/b><\/strong><\/p>

\u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 2007<\/b><\/strong>: \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0625\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c (PSL 1\/2)\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629: l625 (x90)\u060c l625 (x90)\u060c l690 (x100)\u060c l830 (x120).<\/p>

\u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 2019<\/b><\/strong>: \u0628\u0646\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0633\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0633\u0651\u0646\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0636\u0629).<\/p>

\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 ISO 3183<\/p>

\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631<\/b><\/strong><\/td>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/b><\/strong><\/td>\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0629<\/b><\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
1996 (ISO 3183-1)<\/td>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a (\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 A)<\/td>L175-L555-L555<\/td><\/tr>
2007<\/td>\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f\u061b \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 PSL\u061b \u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629<\/td>\u062a\u0645\u062a \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 X90\u060c X90\u060c X100\u060c X120<\/td><\/tr>
2019<\/td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0639 API 5L<\/a> (\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 46)<\/td>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>

2. \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a<\/b><\/strong><\/span><\/h3>

2.1 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642<\/b><\/strong><\/span><\/h4>

\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628<\/b><\/strong>: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0645\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0637\u0648\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627\/\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0633 \u0645\u063a\u0645\u0648\u0631)\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0632\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0629.<\/p>

\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a<\/b><\/strong>: \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0631.<\/p>

\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645<\/b><\/strong>:<\/p>

\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a (OD):\u00a010.3 \u0645\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 1600 \u0645\u0645<\/b><\/strong><\/p>

\u0633\u064f\u0645\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631 (WT):\u00a00.8 \u0645\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 60 \u0645\u0645<\/b><\/strong><\/p>

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f<\/b><\/strong>: \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u063a\u0646\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0644\u0648\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0639 Nb\u060c V\u060c Ti.<\/p>

2.2 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c (PSL)<\/b><\/strong><\/span><\/h4>
\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a<\/b><\/strong><\/td>PSL 1<\/b><\/strong><\/td>PSL 2<\/b><\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631<\/b><\/strong><\/td>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a (\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0647)<\/td>\u0625\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0645\u064a<\/td><\/tr>
\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 NDT<\/b><\/strong><\/td>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/td>\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0651\u0646 (\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c AUT \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a)<\/td><\/tr>
\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a<\/b><\/strong><\/td>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/td>\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0635\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0629 (\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c S \u2264 0.005%\u060c P \u2264 0.020%)<\/td><\/tr>
\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629<\/b><\/strong><\/td>\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628<\/td>\u0625\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0636<\/td><\/tr>
\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/b><\/strong><\/td>\u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a)<\/td>HIC\u060c SSC\u060c DWTT\u060c CTOD (\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f)<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>

PSL 1<\/b><\/strong>: \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629 (\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0636\u0629).
PSL 2<\/b><\/strong>: \u0644\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0636\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629).<\/p>

3. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621<\/b><\/strong><\/span><\/h3>

3.1 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f<\/b><\/strong><\/span><\/h4>
\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0629<\/b><\/strong><\/td>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0645\u062d<\/b><\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a<\/b><\/strong><\/td>\u00b1 0.5% (OD \u2264 508 \u0645\u0645)\u061b \u00b1 0.75%-1.0% (OD > 508 \u0645\u0645)<\/td><\/tr>
\u0633\u064f\u0645\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631<\/b><\/strong><\/td>\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0645: \u00b1 12.5%\u061b \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0645: \u00b1 7.5%-\u00b1 10%<\/td><\/tr>
\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644<\/b><\/strong><\/td>+100 \u0645\u0645\/-0 \u0645\u0645 (\u0644\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629)<\/td><\/tr>
\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0629<\/b><\/strong><\/td>\u22640.2% \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628<\/td><\/tr>
\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0641<\/b><\/strong><\/td>\u22641.5% \u0645\u0646 OD \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645\u064a<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>

3.2 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a (\u0642\u064a\u0645 PSL 2 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0649\u060c wt%)<\/b><\/strong><\/span><\/h4>
\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630<\/b><\/strong><\/td>C<\/b><\/strong><\/td>\u0645\u0646<\/b><\/strong><\/td>S<\/b><\/strong><\/td>P<\/b><\/strong><\/td>\u0645 (IIW)<\/b><\/strong><\/td>Pcm<\/b><\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
L245 (Gr.B)<\/b><\/strong><\/td>0.16<\/td>1.20<\/td>0.005<\/td>0.020<\/td>\u22640.38<\/td>\u22640.20<\/td><\/tr>
L360 (X52)<\/b><\/strong><\/td>0.18<\/td>1.40<\/td>0.005<\/td>0.020<\/td>\u22640.40<\/td>\u22640.21<\/td><\/tr>
L485 (X70)<\/b><\/strong><\/td>0.12<\/td>1.70<\/td>0.005<\/td>0.020<\/td>\u22640.43<\/td>\u22640.23<\/td><\/tr>
L690 (X690 (X100)<\/b><\/strong><\/td>0.10<\/td>2.00<\/td>0.005<\/td>0.020<\/td>\u22640.45<\/td>\u22640.25<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0627\u062a<\/b><\/strong>:<\/p>

\u0645 (IIW)<\/b><\/strong>\u00a0= C + Mn\/6 + (Cr+Mo+V)\/5 + (Ni+Cu)\/15<\/p>

Pcm<\/b><\/strong>\u00a0= C + Si\/30 + Mn\/20 + Cu\/20 + Ni\/20 + Ni\/60 + Cr\/20 + Mo\/15 + V\/10 + 5B<\/p>

\u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0636\u0629\u00a0\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0645<\/b><\/strong>\u00a0\u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u0645\u064a\u0646.<\/p>

3.3 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/b><\/strong><\/span><\/h4>

\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f (\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0627):<\/b><\/strong><\/p>

\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641<\/b><\/strong><\/td>\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0648\u0639 (MPa)<\/b><\/strong><\/td>\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f (\u0645\u064a\u062c\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0644)<\/b><\/strong><\/td>\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f<\/b><\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
L245<\/b><\/strong><\/td>245<\/td>415<\/td>\u22640.93<\/td><\/tr>
L360<\/b><\/strong><\/td>360<\/td>460<\/td>\u22640.93<\/td><\/tr>
L485<\/b><\/strong><\/td>485<\/td>570<\/td>\u22640.93<\/td><\/tr>
L690<\/b><\/strong><\/td>690<\/td>760<\/td>\u22640.93<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>

\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 (PSL 2):<\/b><\/strong><\/p>

\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0641\u064a-\u0646\u0648\u062a\u0634 (CVN) \u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645<\/b><\/strong>:<\/p>

\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 (10\u00d710 \u0645\u0645): \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649\u00a0\u226540 J<\/b><\/strong>\u00a0\u0639\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 (\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c -20 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644 L415).<\/p>

\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u00a0\u226585%<\/b><\/strong>\u00a0\u0641\u064a\u00a0\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0642\u0648\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0648\u0639 (DWTT)<\/b><\/strong>\u00a0\u0639\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 -15 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 (\u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u2265X80).<\/p>

\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629<\/b><\/strong>:<\/p>

\u2264250 HV10<\/b><\/strong>\u00a0(\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\/\u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645);\u00a0\u2264220 HV10<\/b><\/strong>\u00a0\u0644\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0636\u0629.<\/p>

4. \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629<\/b><\/strong><\/span><\/h3>

\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/b><\/strong><\/p>

\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0645\u0631\u0629 (NDT)<\/b><\/strong>:<\/p>

\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0629 (UT)<\/b><\/strong>: \u0645\u0633\u062d \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0633\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0641\u064a\u062d\/\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0641\u064a\u062d.<\/p>

\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0629 (AUT)<\/b><\/strong>: \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0640 PSL 2.<\/p>

\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0645\u064a (ET) \/ \u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a (MFL)<\/b><\/strong>: \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u0629.<\/p>

\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a<\/b><\/strong>:<\/p>

\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 =\u00a090-95% \u0633\u0645\u064a\u0633 90-95%<\/b><\/strong>\u00a0(\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629) \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u226510 \u062b\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064d.<\/p>

\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0645\u0631\u0629<\/b><\/strong>:<\/p>

\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u060c \u0648CVN\u060c \u0648DWTT\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0646\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629.<\/p>

\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0636\u0629 (\u0625\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u062f\u062a)<\/b><\/strong>:<\/p>

\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 HIC<\/b><\/strong>\u00a0(NACE TM0284): \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 A\u060c 96 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629\u061b \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644: CLR \u226415%\u060c CTR \u22645%.<\/p>

\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 SSC<\/b><\/strong>\u00a0(NACE TM0177): \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 A (\u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f)\u060c \u0623\u0648 B (\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0646\u064a\u0629)\u060c \u0623\u0648 C (\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 C).<\/p>

5. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/b><\/strong><\/span><\/h3>

5.1 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 5.1<\/b><\/strong><\/span><\/h4>

\u062e\u0637 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646-\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0631<\/b><\/strong>: \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 PSL 2 X70\u061b \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f (\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f 0.5%)\u061b DWTT @ -5 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629.<\/p>

\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0636 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637<\/b><\/strong>: PSL 2 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 HIC\/SSC\u061b \u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u2264220 HV10\u061b \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 S = 0.001%.<\/p>

\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a<\/b><\/strong>: X60-X80 \u0645\u0639\u00a0CVN \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 -60 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/b><\/strong>; \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0642 ISO 3183.<\/p>

5.2 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a<\/b><\/strong><\/span><\/h4>

\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641<\/b><\/strong>: \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 X80 \u0639\u0644\u0649 X65 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629\u00a012%<\/b><\/strong>\u00a0(\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a $130M \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0637 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0628\u0637\u0648\u0644 1,000 \u0643\u0645).<\/p>

\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629<\/b><\/strong>: \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 ISO 3183\u00a0>50% \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0623\u0642\u0644<\/b><\/strong>\u00a0\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629.<\/p>

\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a<\/b><\/strong>: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0639 API 5L \u062a\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f.<\/p>

6. \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/b><\/strong><\/span><\/h3>

\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646:<\/b><\/strong>\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a.<\/p>

\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a:<\/b><\/strong>\u201c\u062d\u0632\u0645 \u201d\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0623\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\" \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639\/\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/p>

\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629:<\/b><\/strong>\u00a0\u0628\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062b\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062b\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 ISO 3183.<\/p>

\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629:<\/b><\/strong>\u00a0\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0632\u0632\u0629 \u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u0629 (\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 3,000 \u0645\u062a\u0631) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a (\u2264-60 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t
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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0629<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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\n \n \n <\/i> <\/span>\n \n\t\t\t\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a<\/span>\n\n \n \n <\/span><\/a><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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\n
\n
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\n \n
\"\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628<\/a>