{"id":24604,"date":"2026-01-07T11:22:58","date_gmt":"2026-01-07T03:22:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/alllandpipes.com\/?p=24604"},"modified":"2026-01-07T11:57:55","modified_gmt":"2026-01-07T03:57:55","slug":"what-is-an-onshore-pipeline-a-complete-guide-on-types-standards-and-frequently-asked-questions","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/alllandpipes.com\/ar\/blogs\/what-is-an-onshore-pipeline-a-complete-guide-on-types-standards-and-frequently-asked-questions.html","title":{"rendered":"\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u061f \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0628\u0640 35% \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0641\u0634\u0644 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 PSL \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0629 1 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n\n

\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n\n

\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a<\/strong>\u00a0\u0648 \u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a<\/strong>\u00a0\u0635\u064f\u0645\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f. \u064a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648 \u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a<\/a> \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644.<\/p>\n\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646<\/td>\n\u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n\u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644<\/td>\n\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 (\u0645\u062f\u0641\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0642)\u061b \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0636\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644)\u060c \u0648\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0642\u0633.<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 (\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u0629)\u061b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633 (\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0631)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b (\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644. \u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631) \u0648\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629.<\/td>\n\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u0629 (\u064a\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0642)\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631 (\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629)\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f<\/td>\n\u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a API 5L<\/strong>\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 (\u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 PSL 1 \u0644\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 PSL 2 \u0644\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a)\u061b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629.<\/td>\n\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 API 5L \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 (\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b x 80 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649) \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0632\u0632\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644\u061b \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644<\/td>\n\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0625\u064a\u062b\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a (LPE) \u0623\u0648 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 FBE (\u0625\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c)\u061b \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629.<\/td>\n\u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629\u061b \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062b\u0628\u0637\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0641\u0648\u0646 (0.9-1.2 \u0645\u062a\u0631) \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627\u061b \u062a\u062f\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/td>\n\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a (CWC) \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621\u061b \u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0639 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628<\/td>\n\u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u064b\u0627\u061b \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0642 \u0648\u0645\u062f \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062f\u0645\u061b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0644\u0647 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629.<\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629\u061b \u0648\u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 (\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631) \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0648\u062a \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621\u061b \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u062e\u0637\u0631 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0636\u0631\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u064b\u0627.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n\n

\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644\u060c \u062a\u0639\u0637\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 3 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 LPE \u0648FBE \u0647\u064a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u062f\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064b\u0627. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0646 (\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 0.9 \u0625\u0644\u0649 1.2 \u0645\u062a\u0631) \u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0644\u0640 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/strong>, \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649. \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0636 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643, \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/strong>\u00a0\u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a (CWC) \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062c\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0633\u0645\u0643\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 (\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a API 5L X70\/X80 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u0629).<\/p>\n\n

\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n\n

\u0633 1: \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629\u061f<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n

\u062c 1: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0648 API 5L<\/strong>\u00a0(\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a 5L)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643, \u0622\u064a\u0632\u0648 3183<\/a> (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a) \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0643\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a API 5L \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a<\/strong>, \u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 ISO.<\/p>\n\n

\u0633 2: \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0641\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629\u061f<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n

\u062c 2: \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b, \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/strong>\u00a0\u0645\u062f\u0641\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0642 0.9 \u0625\u0644\u0649 1.2 \u0645\u062a\u0631. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0642\u062f \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a (\u0645\u062b\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0642\u062f \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062f\u0641\u0646 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0642 (\u062d\u062a\u0649 1.5 \u0645\u062a\u0631) \u0644\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u060c \u0642\u062f \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0641\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u0639 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n\n

Q<\/strong>\u00a0<\/strong>3: \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629\u061f<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n

\u062c 3: \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a 3 LPE (\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0625\u064a\u062b\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a) \u0648 FBE (\u0625\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c). \u064a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0636\u062f \u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0641\u0648\u0646\u0629. \u062a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a LPE \u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a (\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c \u0648\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0635\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0625\u064a\u062b\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0646) \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a FBE \u0641\u0647\u064a \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0642 \u0628\u0625\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632\u0629. 3 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646 LPE \u0648 FBE \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639.<\/p>\n\n

\u0633 4: \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0629 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u061f<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n

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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062e\u0635<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n\n

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