{"id":7153,"date":"2025-08-18T12:07:07","date_gmt":"2025-08-18T04:07:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/alllandpipes.com\/?p=7153"},"modified":"2025-09-16T10:43:45","modified_gmt":"2025-09-16T02:43:45","slug":"what-is-offshore-pipeline-and-its-applications-in-offshore-oil-and-gas-development","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/alllandpipes.com\/ar\/blogs\/what-is-offshore-pipeline-and-its-applications-in-offshore-oil-and-gas-development.html","title":{"rendered":"\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646"},"content":{"rendered":"
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1. \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a - \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062e\u0637 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n\n

2. \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 - \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062a\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644.<\/p>\n\n

3. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 - \u0632\u0627\u062f\u062a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0647\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f.<\/p>\n\n

\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644:<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n\n

\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a API 5<\/strong>L<\/strong>\u00a0\u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a<\/strong>, \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628 LSAW<\/a> \u0648\u064a\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 DNV. \u064a\u062f\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0651\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639.<\/p>\n\n

a<\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a:<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n\n

\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u062f\u062a \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 151 \u062a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0627\u064a\u062a 3 \u062a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0627\u064a\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0626\u0629 API\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0645\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 30<\/strong>\u00a0\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a <\/strong>\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0641.<\/p>\n\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0646<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n\n

1. \u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632\u0629 - \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 - LSAW \u0648 SSAW \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n\n

2. \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0644 - \u062a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0632\u0632\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644.<\/p>\n\n

3. \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 - \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 API 5L PSL 2 \u0648DNV \u0648ISO 3183\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n

\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u062a\u0645\u0629<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n\n

\u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u0623\u060c \u0627\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a API 5<\/strong>L <\/strong>\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/strong>\u00a0\u0633\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639. \u0648\u0628\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0633\u062a\u0638\u0644 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u062c\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n

-!- \/WP:\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 ----\n

- \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629: \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 API 5L 5L<\/strong>, \u0628\u062f\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062a\u0628 X52 \u0625\u0644\u0649 X80\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062a\u0628 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 X65 \u0648 X70 \u0648 X80.<\/p>\n\n

- \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631: \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635\u0647 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n\n

- \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637: \u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 15 \u0645\u064a\u062c\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0644.<\/p>\n\n

- \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629: -40 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 120 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n

-!- \/WP:\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 ----\n

\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631.<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n\n

\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0640 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/strong>\u00a0\u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0628 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0648\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0645\u0627 (E&P)<\/strong>, \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 85%<\/strong>\u00a0\u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628.<\/p>\n\n

\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n\n

1. \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631 - \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0622\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n

2. \u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 - \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u0648\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0645\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0639\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629.<\/p>\n\n

3. \u062e\u0637 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0646 - \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637 (\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637).<\/p>\n\n

4. \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 - \u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0622\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629.<\/p>\n\n

\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629: \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u0629<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n\n

\u062e\u0637\u0637\u062a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0637 \u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0642\u0644 \u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 1,500 \u0645\u062a\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631. \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a<\/p>\n\n

1. \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a - \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062e\u0637 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n\n

2. \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 - \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062a\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644.<\/p>\n\n

3. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 - \u0632\u0627\u062f\u062a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0647\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f.<\/p>\n\n

\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644:<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n\n

\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a API 5<\/strong>L<\/strong>\u00a0\u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a<\/strong>, \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628 LSAW<\/a> \u0648\u064a\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 DNV. \u064a\u062f\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0651\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639.<\/p>\n\n

a<\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a:<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n\n

\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u062f\u062a \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 151 \u062a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0627\u064a\u062a 3 \u062a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0627\u064a\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0626\u0629 API\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0645\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 30<\/strong>\u00a0\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a <\/strong>\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0641.<\/p>\n\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0646<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n\n

1. \u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632\u0629 - \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 - LSAW \u0648 SSAW \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n\n

2. \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0644 - \u062a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0632\u0632\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644.<\/p>\n\n

3. \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 - \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 API 5L PSL 2 \u0648DNV \u0648ISO 3183\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n

\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u062a\u0645\u0629<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n\n

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